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Walter Hallstein (17 November 1901 – 29 March 1982) was a German academic, diplomat, and politician. He was the first president of the Commission of the European Economic Community and one of the founding fathers of the European Union. Hallstein began his academic career before World War II, becoming Germany's youngest law professor at the age of 29. During the war he served as an army officer in France. Captured by American troops in 1944, he spent the rest of the war in a prisoner-of-war camp in the United States. After the war he returned to Germany and continued his academic career until, in 1950, he was recruited to a diplomatic career, becoming the leading civil servant at the German Foreign Office, where he gave his name to the Hallstein Doctrine, West Germany's policy of isolating East Germany diplomatically. A keen advocate of a federal Europe, Hallstein played a key role in European integration and in West Germany's post-war rehabilitation, clashing with the Economics Minister, Ludwig Erhard, on the path of European integration. He was one of the architects of the European Coal and Steel Community and the first President of the Commission of the European Economic Community, which would later become the European Union. He held the office from 1958 to 1967 and has remained the only German to serve as president of the European Commission or its predecessors. Hallstein left office following a clash with the French President, Charles de Gaulle, and turned to German politics as a member of parliament, also serving as President of the European Movement from 1968 to 1974. He is also the author of books and numerous articles and speeches on European integration and on the European Communities. ==Early life and pre-War academic career== Walter Hallstein was born on 17 November 1901 in Mainz, Germany. After primary school in Darmstadt he attended a classical school in Mainz, from 1913 until his matriculation (''Abitur'') in 1920. From 1920 Hallstein studied law in Bonn, later moving to Munich and then Berlin. He specialized in international private law and wrote his doctoral dissertation on commercial aspects of the Treaty of Versailles. He obtained his doctorate from the Friedrich Wilhelm University in Berlin in 1925 – at the age of 23. From 1923 to 1926 he was a legal clerk at the ''ドイツ語:Kammergericht'', and in 1927, having passed his ''qualifying'' examination, he was employed for a very brief spell as a judge. He then worked as an academic at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Foreign Private and International Private Law in Berlin, where he specialized in comparative commercial and company law, working under Professor Martin Wolff, a leading scholar of private law. He was to remain there until 1930. In 1929 he obtained his ''habilitation'' from the University of Berlin, based on a thesis on company law. In 1930, at the age of 29, he was appointed professor of private law and company law at the University of Rostock, making him Germany's youngest professor of law. He remained in Rostock until 1941. Hallstein was a member of several nominally Nazi professional organizations, but he was not a member of the Nazi Party or the SA. He is reputed to have rejected Nazi ideology and kept his distance from the Nazis. There was opposition from Nazi officials to his proposed appointment, in 1941, as professor of law at the University of Frankfurt, but his candidacy was pushed through by the academics, and he soon advanced to become dean of the faculty. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Walter Hallstein」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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